Upwelling意思

Upwelling is a oceanographic phenomenon where deep ocean water rises to the surface. This process brings nutrient-rich water from the depths to the photic zone where it can support marine life. Upwelling is driven by winds that blow along the coast, creating an onshore current that pushes surface water away from the shore. This movement of surface water creates a space that is filled by water from below, leading to upwelling.

The nutrients in the upwelled water come from the decay of organic matter that has sunk to the ocean floor. These nutrients, such as nitrates and phosphates, are essential for the growth of phytoplankton, which form the base of the marine food web. Upwelling therefore plays a crucial role in supporting high levels of primary production and biodiversity in the ocean.

Upwelling occurs in several regions around the world, including the California Current, the Benguela Current, the Canary Current, and the Humboldt Current. These regions are known for their productive fisheries, which are supported by the nutrient-rich waters brought to the surface by upwelling.