Orthogonal什麼意思

"Orthogonal" is a term that originates from mathematics and geometry, and it means "at right angles" or "perpendicular." In a broader sense, it can also refer to things that are independent or unrelated. Here are some examples of how the term is used in different contexts:

1. In geometry, two lines are orthogonal if they intersect at a 90-degree angle.
2. In linear algebra, two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero. This means they are perpendicular to each other.
3. In statistics, orthogonal functions or variables are independent, meaning they do not correlate with each other.
4. In computer science and engineering, orthogonal components or features are those that can be developed or implemented independently without affecting each other.
5. In project management, orthogonal tasks can be worked on separately without any dependency on the completion of other tasks.

The word "orthogonal" is derived from the Greek words "orthos," meaning straight or right, and "gona," meaning angle.