985 211是什麼意思

"985"和"211" refer to Chinese higher education programs that were initiated by the Chinese government to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese universities in the world.

• "985" refers to the "Project 985," which was launched in 1999 with the goal of establishing world-class universities in China. The name "985" comes from a speech by former Chinese President Jiang Zemin on May 4, 1998, in which he called for the development of world-class universities in China by the year 2000.

• "211" refers to the "Project 211," which was launched in 1995 with the goal of improving the overall quality of higher education and promoting the development of key disciplines and key laboratories in Chinese universities. The name "211" comes from the goal of developing 100 key universities and their associated departments by the year 2000.

Both programs have been successful in improving the quality of education and research in Chinese universities, and many of the universities that participated in these programs have become well-respected institutions both in China and internationally. However, these programs have also been criticized for exacerbating inequality in higher education, as resources were concentrated in a small number of elite universities, while many other universities and colleges in China struggled to attract funding and talented students.