先行詞意思

先行詞（英語：antecedent）是語法中的一個概念，指的是在句子中一個代名詞所指涉的名詞、名詞片語或是一個句子。這個名詞或句子通常是在代名詞之前出現的，因此稱為先行詞。

例如：

1. 代名詞 "it" 所指涉的名詞或句子：

   • 句子：The weather today is terrible.
     • 先行詞：The weather today
   • 句子：I heard that the company is going bankrupt.
     • 先行詞：that the company is going bankrupt

2. 代名詞 "they" 所指涉的名詞或句子：

   • 句子：The students in the class are very smart.
     • 先行詞：The students in the class
   • 句子：I heard that the team is going to win the championship.
     • 先行詞：that the team is going to win the championship

3. 代名詞 "which" 所指涉的名詞或句子：

   • 句子：The book on the table is very interesting.
     • 先行詞：The book on the table
   • 句子：I heard that the movie, which was directed by a famous director, is going to be a hit.
     • 先行詞：that the movie, which was directed by a famous director

在這些例子中，"it"、"they" 和 "which" 都是代名詞，它們分別指涉了在句子中先出現的名詞或句子，這些就是先行詞。